MIC2172 MICREL [Micrel Semiconductor], MIC2172 Datasheet - Page 14

• Manufacturer Part Number: MIC2172
• Description: 100kHz 1.25A Switching Regulators Preliminary Information
• Manufacturer: MICREL [Micrel Semiconductor]

MIC2172/3172
Finally, recalculate the transformer turns ratio to insure that
it is less than the value earlier found in equation (9).
(12)
Then:
This ratio is less than the ratio calculated in equation (9).
When specifying the transformer it is necessary to know the
primary peak current which must be withstood without satu-
rating the transformer core.
(13)
So:
Now find the minimum reverse voltage requirement for the
output rectifier. This rectifier must have an average current
rating greater than the maximum output current of 0.25A.
(14)
Where:
a 0.84 Use 0.8 (same as 1:1.25).
I
V
I
I
a
a
V
PEAK(pri)
PEAK(pri)
PEAK(pri)
BR
BR
= output rectifier maximum peak
reverse voltage rating
L
2.54 10
L
1.8 10
V
SEC
PRI
= 1.22A
IN(max)
=
=
V
4.0
IN(min)
-5
F
-5
BR
L
+ V
PRI
18 H
V
5.5 10
a
IN
100µF
T
OUT
C1*
ON
* Locate near MIC2172/3172 when supply leads > 2 "
†
R3/R2 sets output voltage
a
-6
470
R3
C2
2.2µF
Figure 13. Step-Down or Buck Converter
C3
1µF
COMP
EN
P1 P2
MIC3172
GND
V
IN
D1
1N4148
S
V
FB
SW
4-26
Then:
A 1N5817 will safely handle voltage and current require-
ments in this example.
Forward Converters
Micrel’s MIC2172/3172 can be used in several circuit con-
figurations to generate an output voltage which is less than
the input voltage (buck or step-down topology). Figure 13
shows the MIC3172 in a voltage step-down application.
Because of the internal architecture of these devices, more
external components are required to implement a step-down
regulator than with other devices offered by Micrel (refer to
the LM257x or LM457x family of buck switchers). However,
for step-down conversion requiring a transformer (forward),
the MIC2172/3172 is a good choice.
A 12V to 5V step-down converter using transformer isolation
(forward) is shown in figure 14. Unlike the isolated flyback
converter which stores energy in the primary inductance
during the controller’s on-time and releases it to the load
during the off-time, the forward converter transfers energy to
the output during the on-time, using the off-time to reset the
transformer core. In the application shown, the transformer
core is reset by the tertiary winding discharging T1’s peak
magnetizing current through D2.
For most forward converters the duty cycle is limited to 50%,
allowing the transformer flux to reset with only two times the
input voltage appearing across the power switch. Although
during normal operation this circuit’s duty cycle is well below
R2
1.2k
3.7k
R3
†
D2
†
a = transformer turns ratio (0.8)
F
V
V
BR
BR
C4
1µF
BR
100µH
1N4148
330µF
L1
= reverse voltage safety derating factor (0.8)
D3
C5
15.625V
6.0 + 5.0
R4
10
0.8
(I
5V, 0.1A to 1A
LOAD
0.8
> 100mA)
0.8
Micrel
1997