ade7518 Analog Devices, Inc., ade7518 Datasheet - Page 42

• Manufacturer Part Number: ade7518
• Description: Single-phase Energy Measurement Ic With 8052 Mcu, Rtc, And Lcd Driver
• Manufacturer: Analog Devices, Inc.

ADE7518
Antialiasing Filter
Figure 38 also shows an analog low-pass filter (RC) on the input
to the modulator. This filter is present to prevent aliasing, an
artifact of all sampled systems. Aliasing means that frequency
components in the input signal to the ADC, which are higher
than half the sampling rate of the ADC, appear in the sampled
signal at a frequency below half the sampling rate. Figure 39
illustrates the effect. Frequency components (the black arrows)
above half the sampling frequency (also known as the Nyquist
frequency, that is, 409.6 kHz) are imaged or folded back down
below 409.6 kHz. This happens with all ADCs regardless of the
architecture. In the example shown in Figure 39, only frequencies
near the sampling frequency (819.2 kHz) move into the band of
interest for metering (40 Hz to 2 kHz). This allows the use of a
very simple low-pass filter (LPF) to attenuate high frequency
(near 819.2 kHz) noise and prevents distortion in the band of
interest.
For conventional current sensors, a simple RC filter (single-pole
LPF) with a corner frequency of 10 kHz produces an attenuation
of approximately 40 dB at 819.2 kHz (see Figure 39). The 20 dB
per decade attenuation is usually sufficient to eliminate the
effects of aliasing for conventional current sensors. However,
for a di/dt sensor such as a Rogowski coil, the sensor has a 20 dB
per decade gain. This neutralizes the −20 dB per decade attenua-
tion produced by one simple LPF. Therefore, when using a di/dt
sensor, care should be taken to offset the 20 dB per decade gain.
One simple approach is to cascade two RC filters to produce the
−40 dB per decade attenuation needed.
62.5mV, 31.3mV
0.25V, 0.125V,
I
0V
I
I
P
N
V1
ANALOG
INPUT
RANGE
×1, ×2, ×4
×8, ×16
{GAIN[2:0]}
PGA1
Figure 40. ADC and Signal Processing in Current Channel with PGA1 = 1, 2, 4, 8, or 16
REFERENCE
ADC
0xD70A3E
0x28F5C2
0x000000
HPF
Rev. 0 | Page 42 of 128
CURRENT CHANNEL
WAVEFORM
DATA RANGE
ADC Transfer Function
Both ADCs in the ADE7518 are designed to produce the same
output code for the same input signal level. With a full-scale
signal on the input of 0.4 V and an internal reference of 1.2 V,
the ADC output code is nominally 2,147,483, or 0x20C49B. The
maximum code from the ADC is ±4,194,304; this is equivalent to
an input signal level of ±0.794 V. However, for specified perfor-
mance, it is recommended that the full-scale input signal level
of 0.4 V not be exceeded.
Current Channel ADC
Figure 40 shows the ADC and signal processing chain for the
current channel. In waveform sampling mode, the ADC outputs
a signed, twos complement, 24-bit data-word at a maximum of
25.6 kSPS (4.096 MHz/160).
With the specified full-scale analog input signal of 0.4 V and
PGA1 = 1, the ADC produces an output code that is approximately
between 0x20C49B (+2,147,483d) and 0xDF3B65 (−2,147,483d).
For inputs of 0.25 V, 0.125 V, 82.6 mV, and 31.3 mV with PGA1 = 2,
4, 8, and 16, respectively, the ADC produces an output code that
is approximately between 0x28F5C2 (+2,684,354d) and 0xD70A3E
(–2,684,354d).
Figure 39. ADC and Signal Processing in Current Channel Outline Dimensions
0
FREQUENCIES
2
IMAGE
ALIASING EFFECTS
FREQUENCY (kHz)
409.6
CURRENT RMS (I
CALCULATION
WAVEFORM SAMPLE
REGISTER
ACTIVE AND REACTIVE
POWER CALCULATION
rms
819.2
)
FREQUENCY
SAMPLING