PIC18F4523-I/PT Microchip Technology, PIC18F4523-I/PT Datasheet - Page 267

• Manufacturer Part Number: PIC18F4523-I/PT
• Description: IC PIC MCU FLASH 16KX16 44TQFP
• Manufacturer: Microchip Technology
• Series: PIC® 18Fr

Specifications of PIC18F4523-I/PT

• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• Program Memory Size: 32KB (16K x 16)
• Package / Case: 44-TQFP, 44-VQFP
• Core Processor: PIC
• Core Size: 8-Bit
• Speed: 40MHz
• Connectivity: I²C, SPI, UART/USART
• Peripherals: Brown-out Detect/Reset, HLVD, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number Of I /o: 36
• Eeprom Size: 256 x 8
• Ram Size: 1.5K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (vcc/vdd): 4.2 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 13x12b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C
• Processor Series: PIC18F
• Core: PIC
• Data Bus Width: 8 bit
• Data Ram Size: 1.5 KB
• Interface Type: EUSART/I2C/MSSP/SPI
• Maximum Clock Frequency: 40 MHz
• Number Of Programmable I/os: 36
• Number Of Timers: 4
• Maximum Operating Temperature: + 85 C
• Mounting Style: SMD/SMT
• 3rd Party Development Tools: 52715-96, 52716-328, 52717-734, 52712-325, 53275-917, EWPIC18
• Development Tools By Supplier: PG164130, DV164035, DV244005, DV164005, PG164120, ICE2000, ICE4000, DV164136, DM163022
• Minimum Operating Temperature: - 40 C
• On-chip Adc: 13-ch x 12-bit
• Lead Free Status / RoHS Status: Lead free / RoHS Compliant
• For Use With: AC164305 - MODULE SKT FOR PM3 44TQFP444-1001 - DEMO BOARD FOR PICMICRO MCUAC164020 - MODULE SKT PROMATEII 44TQFP
• Lead Free Status / Rohs Status: Lead free / RoHS Compliant

23.4
The Fail-Safe Clock Monitor (FSCM) allows the
microcontroller to continue operation in the event of an
external oscillator failure by automatically switching the
device clock to the internal oscillator block. The FSCM
function is enabled by setting the FCMEN Configuration
bit.
When FSCM is enabled, the INTRC oscillator runs at
all times to monitor clocks to peripherals and provide a
backup clock in the event of a clock failure. Clock
monitoring (shown in Figure 23-3) is accomplished by
creating a sample clock signal, which is the INTRC out-
put divided by 64. This allows ample time between
FSCM sample clocks for a peripheral clock edge to
occur. The peripheral device clock and the sample
clock are presented as inputs to the Clock Monitor latch
(CM). The CM is set on the falling edge of the device
clock source, but cleared on the rising edge of the
sample clock.
FIGURE 23-3:
Clock failure is tested for on the falling edge of the sam-
ple clock. If a sample clock falling edge occurs while
CM is still set, a clock failure has been detected
(Figure 23-4). This causes the following:
• the FSCM generates an oscillator fail interrupt by
• the device clock source is switched to the internal
• the WDT is reset.
The frequency from the internal oscillator block may not
be sufficiently stable for timing sensitive applications. In
these cases, it may be desirable to select another clock
configuration and enter an alternate power-managed
© 2007 Microchip Technology Inc.
setting bit, OSCFIF (PIR2<7>);
oscillator block (OSCCON is not updated to show
the current clock source – this is the fail-safe
condition) and
Peripheral
Source
(32 μs)
INTRC
Clock
Fail-Safe Clock Monitor
÷ 64
FSCM BLOCK DIAGRAM
(edge-triggered)
Clock Monitor
(2.048 ms)
Latch (CM)
488 Hz
C
S
Q
Q
Detected
PIC18F2423/2523/4423/4523
Failure
Clock
Preliminary
mode. This can be done to attempt a partial recovery or
execute a controlled shutdown. See Section 3.1.4
“Multiple Sleep Commands” and Section 23.3.1
“Special Considerations for Using Two-Speed
Start-up” for more details.
To use a clock speed other than 1 MHz on wake from
Sleep mode, or when a FSCM event occurs, the
INTOSC clock source can be preset to provide that
speed by modifying the IRCF2:IRCF0 bits immediately
after Reset.
The FSCM will detect failures of the primary or second-
ary clock sources only. If the internal oscillator block
fails, no failure would be detected, nor would any action
be possible.
23.4.1
Both the FSCM and the WDT are clocked by the
INTRC oscillator. Since the WDT operates with a
separate divider and counter, disabling the WDT has
no effect on the operation of the INTRC oscillator when
the FSCM is enabled.
As already noted, the clock source is switched to the
INTOSC clock when a clock failure is detected.
Depending on the frequency selected by the
IRCF2:IRCF0 bits, this may mean a substantial change
in the speed of code execution. If the WDT is enabled
with a small prescale value, a decrease in clock speed
allows a WDT time-out to occur and a subsequent
device Reset. For this reason, Fail-Safe Clock Monitor
events also reset the WDT and postscaler, allowing it to
start timing from when execution speed was changed
and decreasing the likelihood of an erroneous time-out.
23.4.2
The fail-safe condition is terminated by either a device
Reset or by entering a power-managed mode. On
Reset, the controller starts the primary clock source
specified in Configuration Register 1H (with any
required start-up delays that are required for the oscil-
lator mode, such as OST or PLL timer). The INTOSC
multiplexer provides the device clock until the primary
clock source becomes ready (similar to a Two-Speed
Start-up). The clock source is then switched to the pri-
mary clock (indicated by the OSTS bit in the OSCCON
register becoming set). The Fail-Safe Clock Monitor
then resumes monitoring the peripheral clock.
The primary clock source may never become ready
during start-up. In this case, operation is clocked by the
INTOSC multiplexer. The OSCCON register will remain
in its Reset state until a power-managed mode is
entered.
FSCM AND THE WATCHDOG TIMER
EXITING FAIL-SAFE OPERATION
DS39755B-page 265