70009 Parallax Inc, 70009 Datasheet - Page 119

• Manufacturer Part Number: 70009
• Description: BOOK UNDERSTANDING SIGNALS
• Manufacturer: Parallax Inc
• Type: Signal Analysisr

Specifications of 70009

• Style: Book
• Title: Understanding Signals
• Contents: Guide to Generate, View and Measure Wave Forms
• Product: Microcontroller Accessories
• Lead Free Status / RoHS Status: Not applicable / Not applicable
• Other names: 70009PAR

When you up the gain to 3 (Ri = 1 kΩ and Rf = 2 kΩ) your signal will most likely be
heavily clipped, as shown in Figure 8-13. We won’t calculate the gain, but the signal is
worth examining anyway since it illustrates a common phenomenon in amplifier design.
Clipping happens when the gain tries to make an output signal that is outside the dynamic
range the amplifier. This type of distortion is undesirable if the goal is accurate sound
reproduction, for example. However, this type of signal distortion is frequently found in
rock music.
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Again repeat this exercise, using a 1 kΩ resistor for Ri and a 2 kΩ resistor for Rf.
Observe your heavily clipped signal, as shown in Figure 8-13.
Set the Horizontal Bars cursors at the top and bottom of the clipped signal.
Under the Measurements tab, look for the MAX measurement in the CH2 Auto
Measurements box.
Figure 8-12:
Op-am input and
output signals
Above: Output
signal with a non-
inverting amplifier
gain of 2 (not
clipped) using a
fully-charged 9 V
battery.
Below: Same
output signal
clipped because a
9 V battery was
used that is near
the end of its
useful life.