AT89C51AC3 Atmel Corporation, AT89C51AC3 Datasheet - Page 10

• Manufacturer Part Number: AT89C51AC3
• Manufacturer: Atmel Corporation

Specifications of AT89C51AC3

• Flash (kbytes): 64 Kbytes
• Max. Operating Frequency: 60 MHz
• Cpu: 8051-12C
• Max I/o Pins: 32
• Spi: 1
• Uart: 1
• Adc Channels: 8
• Adc Resolution (bits): 10
• Adc Speed (ksps): 62.5
• Sram (kbytes): 2.25
• Eeprom (bytes): 2048
• Self Program Memory: API
• Operating Voltage (vcc): 3.0 to 5.5
• Timers: 4
• Isp: UART
• Watchdog: Yes

Quasi-Bidirectional Port
Operation
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AT89C51AC3
write the new byte back to the latch. These Read-Modify-Write instructions are directed
to the latch rather than the pin in order to avoid possible misinterpretation of voltage
(and therefore, logic) levels at the pin. For example, a Port bit used to drive the base of
an external bipolar transistor can not rise above the transistor’s base-emitter junction
voltage (a value lower than VIL). With a logic one written to the bit, attempts by the CPU
to read the Port at the pin are misinterpreted as logic zero. A read of the latch rather
than the pins returns the correct logic-one value.
Port 1, Port 2, Port 3 and Port 4 have fixed internal pull-ups and are referred to as
"quasi-bidirectional" Ports. When configured as an input, the pin impedance appears as
logic one and sources current in response to an external logic zero condition. Port 0 is a
"true bidirectional" pin. The pins float when configured as input. Resets write logic one to
all Port latches. If logical zero is subsequently written to a Port latch, it can be returned
to input conditions by a logical one written to the latch.
Note:
Logical zero-to-one transitions in Port 1, Port 2, Port 3 and Port 4 use an additional pull-
up (p1) to aid this logic transition (see Figure 4.). This increases switch speed. This
extra pull-up sources 100 times normal internal circuit current during 2 oscillator clock
periods. The internal pull-ups are field-effect transistors rather than linear resistors. Pull-
ups consist of three p-channel FET (pFET) devices. A pFET is on when the gate senses
logical zero and off when the gate senses logical one. pFET #1 is turned on for two
oscillator periods immediately after a zero-to-one transition in the Port latch. A logical
one at the Port pin turns on pFET #3 (a weak pull-up) through the inverter. This inverter
and pFET pair form a latch to drive logical one. pFET #2 is a very weak pull-up switched
on whenever the associated nFET is switched off. This is traditional CMOS switch con-
vention. Current strengths are 1/10 that of pFET #3.
Figure 4. Internal Pull-Up Configurations
Note:
OUTPUT DATA
INPUT DATA
READ PIN
Port latch values change near the end of Read-Modify-Write instruction cycles. Output
buffers (and therefore the pin state) update early in the instruction after Read-Modify-
Write instruction cycle.
Port 2 p1 assists the logic-one output for memory bus cycles.
2 Osc. PERIODS
VCC
p1(1)
n
VCC
p2
4383D–8051–02/08
VCC
p3
P1.x
P2.x
P3.x
P4.x