ATmega6450P Atmel Corporation, ATmega6450P Datasheet - Page 185

• Manufacturer Part Number: ATmega6450P
• Manufacturer: Atmel Corporation

Specifications of ATmega6450P

• Flash (kbytes): 64 Kbytes
• Pin Count: 100
• Max. Operating Frequency: 20 MHz
• Cpu: 8-bit AVR
• Hardware Qtouch Acquisition: No
• Max I/o Pins: 69
• Ext Interrupts: 25
• Usb Speed: No
• Usb Interface: No
• Spi: 2
• Twi (i2c): 1
• Uart: 1
• Graphic Lcd: No
• Video Decoder: No
• Camera Interface: No
• Adc Channels: 8
• Adc Resolution (bits): 10
• Adc Speed (ksps): 15
• Analog Comparators: 1
• Resistive Touch Screen: No
• Temp. Sensor: No
• Crypto Engine: No
• Sram (kbytes): 4
• Eeprom (bytes): 2048
• Self Program Memory: YES
• Dram Memory: No
• Nand Interface: No
• Picopower: Yes
• Temp. Range (deg C): -40 to 85
• I/o Supply Class: 1.8 to 5.5
• Operating Voltage (vcc): 1.8 to 5.5
• Fpu: No
• Mpu / Mmu: no / no
• Timers: 3
• Output Compare Channels: 4
• Input Capture Channels: 1
• Pwm Channels: 4
• 32khz Rtc: Yes
• Calibrated Rc Oscillator: Yes

20.8
20.8.1
20.8.2
8285D–AVR–06/11
Asynchronous Data Reception
Asynchronous Clock Recovery
Asynchronous Data Recovery
ATmega165A/PA/325A/PA/3250A/PA/645A/P/6450A/P
The USART includes a clock recovery and a data recovery unit for handling asynchronous data
reception. The clock recovery logic is used for synchronizing the internally generated baud rate
clock to the incoming asynchronous serial frames at the RxD pin. The data recovery logic sam-
ples and low pass filters each incoming bit, thereby improving the noise immunity of the
Receiver. The asynchronous reception operational range depends on the accuracy of the inter-
nal baud rate clock, the rate of the incoming frames, and the frame size in number of bits.
The clock recovery logic synchronizes internal clock to the incoming serial frames.
on page 185
rate is 16 times the baud rate for Normal mode, and eight times the baud rate for Double Speed
mode. The horizontal arrows illustrate the synchronization variation due to the sampling pro-
cess. Note the larger time variation when using the Double Speed mode (U2Xn = 1) of
operation. Samples denoted zero are samples done when the RxD line is idle (i.e., no communi-
cation activity).
Figure 20-5. Start Bit Sampling
When the clock recovery logic detects a high (idle) to low (start) transition on the RxD line, the
start bit detection sequence is initiated. Let sample 1 denote the first zero-sample as shown in
the figure. The clock recovery logic then uses samples 8, 9, and 10 for Normal mode, and sam-
ples 4, 5, and 6 for Double Speed mode (indicated with sample numbers inside boxes on the
figure), to decide if a valid start bit is received. If two or more of these three samples have logical
high levels (the majority wins), the start bit is rejected as a noise spike and the Receiver starts
looking for the next high to low-transition. If however, a valid start bit is detected, the clock recov-
ery logic is synchronized and the data recovery can begin. The synchronization process is
repeated for each start bit.
When the receiver clock is synchronized to the start bit, the data recovery can begin. The data
recovery unit uses a state machine that has 16 states for each bit in Normal mode and eight
states for each bit in Double Speed mode.
data bits and the parity bit. Each of the samples is given a number that is equal to the state of
the recovery unit.
(U2X = 0)
(U2X = 1)
Sample
Sample
RxD
illustrates the sampling process of the start bit of an incoming frame. The sample
0
0
IDLE
0
1
1
2
3
2
4
5
3
6
Figure 20-6 on page 186
7
4
8
START
9
5
10
11
6
12
13
7
14
shows the sampling of the
15
8
16
1
1
2
BIT 0
Figure 20-5
3
2
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